Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality technologies have been incorporated into M-Learning to provide realistic and immersive experiences . HEIs leveraged these technologies to simulate real-world scenarios, conduct virtual laboratory experiments, and create virtual field trips, enhancing students’ understanding and practical skills. Moreover, M-Learning integrates gamification techniques, such as educational games, quizzes, and simulations, to create interactive and immersive learning experiences. This approach increases student motivation, participation, and knowledge retention by making the learning process enjoyable and engaging . Furthermore, M-Learning platforms offer seamless assessment and feedback mechanisms.

• European companies collectively paid over 100 billion dollars in their spectrum auctions.
• This includes their motivations, goals and the environment in which they use the app.
• For example, 92% of 18- to 29-year-olds say they own a smartphone, compared with 42% of those who are ages 65 and older.

In study 1, we clustered a patent’s IPC based on cohesion, however, in this study, we cluster using keywords. The patents were clustered into four groups , journal articles into three groups and news into three groups. The words listed in the table were proven to be statistically significant in the chi-square test and the themes of the cluster were named by the authors. This research used NetMiner, a software tool for network analysis and visualization. Along with UCINET and Pajek, NetMiner is a representative tool for social network analysis . Centrality is an index used to evaluate the impact of a node and is further divided into degree Centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality.

PostFinance TWINT: the Swiss innovation for mobile payments

The journey of mobile communication began with the advent of 1G, which stands for the first generation. This initial technology focused solely on analog voice calls and had limited coverage. Then came 2G, which introduced digital technology, allowing for improved call quality, text messaging, and basic internet access. 3G took things even further by enabling faster data speeds, multimedia messaging, and the ability to access the internet on our phones.

Mobile applications might copy user data from these devices to a remote server without the users’ permission and often without the users’ consent. Combining the Internet of Things and mobile applications, mobile IoT apps gather and share data across portable devices. Within a more personal context, an IoT-powered smoke detector can send alerts to a homeowner’s phone.