CDMA is a reliable and efficient way to provide wireless communication services. GSM technology is also used for mobile banking, mobile payments, and mobile commerce. It is also used for tracking and monitoring devices, such as GPS-enabled phones. GSM is also used for remote access to corporate networks, allowing employees to access their work from anywhere. GSM provides users with a range of capabilities, including voice calls, text messaging, and data services.

• Augmented Reality refers to a technological concept where reality is skillfully altered and enhanced.
• Regarding the method of data collection and analysis, among the 20 studies, 3 studies used quantitative method, 1 used qualitative method, 1 used action research, and 15 used mixed methods .
• These first-generation systems could support far more simultaneous calls but still used analog cellular technology.
• From grocery shopping to ordering food to take online classes, the world saw a massive adoption of mobile technology.

Not all social interactions have a positive effect on foreign language acquisition, however (Mushtaq & Benraghda, 2018; Raut & Patil, 2016). Social strategies are needed in order to benefit from the possibilities that social interaction offers. These strategies include cooperation and questioning for clarification (O’Malley & Chamot, 1990), and help-receiving. Cooperation was the most frequently reported strategy, with 12 articles, which means learning with others to update information, check learning outcomes, or get feedback on learning performance (O’Malley & Chamot, 1990). Questioning for clarification is also reported, which refers to “eliciting additional explanation, rephrasing, examples, or verification from a teacher or peer” (O’Malley & Chamot, 1990, p.120). Zou and Yan and Ma showed that participants adopted this strategy through discussion forums or social networking tools.

Innovation by region

Inarguably, mobile technology has been propelled by the development of robust and versatile systems designed to support a wide range of applications. This changing landscape has brought about a significant shift, reshaping how humans interact with each other and with computing systems. The widespread presence of mobile devices has woven a fabric of communication and networking that transcends geographical barriers. A defining feature of this digital era is the rise of internet-driven applications, particularly social media platforms that enable remote interactions, promoting collaboration and engagement across vast distances.

• In this information letter, we offered an opt-out choice for involvement in this study, if they would disagree with the setup of this study.
• Findings suggest that using mobile devices has had a positive impact on learning outcomes in formal education settings.
• It could be a moment before they arrive at a coffee shop to pick up a latte, or a real-time concern when they have to check on their home security system.
• Latva-aho and Leppänen listed 29 different stakeholders for the envisioned 6G ecosystem, categorizing them into human, machine, enterprise, and public-sector type users, each with different demands and needs.
• IT and cloud Webscalers’ platform-born adjacent platforms can serve downstream users via transformative service innovations (Pundziene et al., 2022).
• There’s more to 5G than mobile phones; 5G technologies will also serve a great many devices in near real time.